What is a .Net CLR?

Full form of CLR is Common Language Runtime and it forms the heart of the .NET framework.
All Languages have runtime and its the responsibility of the runtime to take care of the code execution of the program. For example VC++ has MSCRT40.DLL,VB6 has MSVBVM60.DLL,Java has Java Virtual Machine etc. Similarly .NET has CLR. Following are the responsibilities of CLR.
  • Garbage Collection :- CLR automatically manages memory thus eliminating
    memory leaks. When objects are not referred GC automatically releases those
    memories thus providing efficient memory management.
  • Code Access Security :- CAS grants rights to program depending on the security
    configuration of the machine. Example the program has rights to edit or create
    a new file but the security configuration of machine does not allow the program
    to delete a file. CAS will take care that the code runs under the environment of
    machines security configuration.
  • Code Verification :- This ensures proper code execution and type safety while
    the code runs. It prevents the source code to perform illegal operation such as
    accessing invalid memory locations etc.
  • IL( Intermediate language )-to-native translators and optimizer’s :- CLR uses
    JIT and compiles the IL code to machine code and then executes. CLR also
    determines depending on platform what is optimized way of running the IL
    code.
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